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Étymologie et usages du feu (krak) en arménien classique (Etymology and Uses of 'Fire' (krak) in Classical Armenian)

Arzoumanov, Jean · 2024

Reassesses how the two Classical Armenian words for 'fire', krak and howr, differ in usage. A close reading of Eghishe's History of Vardan shows krak in distinct contexts, especially connected with Zoroastrian fire worship, a distinction visible in the Buzandaran as well. Reviewing krak and its cognates in the Armenian Bible reveals semantic overlap, including an instance where krak means 'embers'. On that basis Arzoumanov proposes a Middle Iranian etymon for Armenian krak and its Georgian counterpart, reconstructed via a Middle Persian word for 'oven', with a semantic shift from 'oven' to 'fire' plausibly in a Zoroastrian ritual setting where fire altars resembled ovens.

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Published in
Revue des Études Arméniennes, Vol. 42 (2023-2024), pp. 77–98 (Peeters); DOI 10.2143/REA.42.0.3293638
Year
2024
Language
French
DOI
10.2143/REA.42.0.3293638

Citation

Arzoumanov, Jean 2024. Étymologie et usages du feu (krak) en arménien classique (Etymology and Uses of 'Fire' (krak) in Classical Armenian). Revue des Études Arméniennes, Vol. 42 (2023-2024), pp. 77–98 (Peeters); DOI 10.2143/REA.42.0.3293638. https://doi.org/10.2143/REA.42.0.3293638

What this offers a reader

For students

A model of how Armenian etymology is done properly: through texts, not dictionaries.

For academics

Case study in Armenian etymology and Iranian contact worked out through Classical Armenian texts.

For the community

Two words for fire, and the Zoroastrian world buried inside one of them.

For a general reader

Why Classical Armenian had two different words for fire.

Topics

Armenian etymologyClassical Armenian lexiconIranian-Armenian contactKartvelian parallelsZoroastrianism in ArmeniaEghishe

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