Aid to Armenia: Humanitarianism and Intervention from the 1890s to the Present
This ten-essay volume examines more than a century of humanitarian engagement with Armenia and Armenians, from the Hamidian massacres of the 1890s to the present day. The editors frame Armenia as a recurring focal point of international aid, tracing shifting transnational networks of relief across the Ottoman, Tsarist, Soviet, and post-independence periods. Geographically the chapters range across the Caucasus, Russia, the Middle East, Europe, North and South America, and Australia. Individual essays treat relief during the Hamidian massacres, Russian imperial responses, Norwegian relief operations, Australian and Brazilian campaigns, diaspora philanthropy, post-1988 earthquake aid, peacebuilding, and Syrian Armenian refugees. Closing reflections come from refugee historian Peter Gatrell and Armenian studies scholar Ronald Grigor Suny. The collection positions the Armenian case as central to the global history of humanitarianism rather than a footnote to it.